Black Freemasonry and Middle-Class Realities
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Spatial segmentation and the black middle class.
Ethnographic studies of the black middle class focus attention on the ways in which residential environments condition the experiences of different segments of the black class structure. This study places these arguments in a larger demographic context by providing a national analysis of neighborhood inequality and spatial inequality of different racial and ethnic groups in urban America. The f...
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Objectives. We aim to understand why blacks are significantly less likely than whites to perpetuate their middle-class status across generations. To do so, we focus on the potentially different associations between parental job loss and youth's educational attainment in black and white middle-class families.Methods. We use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), following those chi...
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The development of a black middle class was deliberately stunted under segregation and apartheid. Economically, a black middle stratum was seen as potentially competitive to white accumulation. Politically, it was viewed as articulating demands for racial equality and inclusion. Consequently, rather than being absorbed into a capitalist democracy, the African middle class (save for minority ‘co...
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Four studies investigated the proposal that in the context of an elite university, individuals from relatively lower socioeconomic (SES) backgrounds possess a stigmatized identity and, as such, experience (a) concerns regarding their academic fit and (b) self-regulatory depletion as a result of managing these concerns. Study 1, a correlational study, revealed the predicted associations between ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of American History
سال: 1982
ISSN: 0021-8723
DOI: 10.2307/1900799